Pertemuan 3 Job-costing System
The cost-allocation base (number of machine-hours) is a systematic way to link an indirect cost or group of indirect costs (operating costs of all metal-cutting machines) to cost objects (different products). For example, if the indirect costs of operating metal-cutting machines is $500,000 based on running these machines for 10,000 hours, the cost-allocation rate is $500,000 ÷ 10,000 hours = $50 per machine-hour, where machine-hours is the cost-allocation base. If a product uses 800 machine-hours, it will be allocated $40,000, $50 per machine-hour × 800 machine-hours. Organizations generally use the cause-and-effect criterion (cost allocation base) to allocate costs, followed by benefits received, and finally, and more rarely, by ability to bear. Job-costing system . In a job-costing system, the cost object is a unit or multiple units of a distinct product or service called a job. Process-costing system . In a process-costing system, the cost object is masses of identical or simil